Introductory from the classic book "Aeroplanes" by J. S. Zerbe

In preparing this volume on Flying Machines the aim has been to present the
subject in such a manner as will appeal to boys, or beginners, in this field
of human activity.

The art of aviation is in a most primitive state. So many curious theories
have been brought out that, while they furnish food for thought, do not, in
any way, advance or improve the structure of the machine itself, nor are
they of any service in teaching the novice how to fly.

The author considers it of far more importance to teach right principles,
and correct reasoning than to furnish complete diagrams of the details of a
machine. The former teach the art, whereas the latter merely point out the
mechanical arrangements, independently of the reasons for making the
structures in that particular way.

Relating the history of an art, while it may be interesting reading, does
not even lay the foundations of a knowledge of the subject, hence that field
has been left to others.

The boy is naturally inquisitive, and he is interested in knowing WHY
certain things are necessary, and the reasons for making structures in
particular ways. That is the void into which these pages are placed.

The author knows from practical experience, while experimenting with and
building aeroplanes, how eagerly every boy inquires into details. They want
the reasons for things.

One such instance is related to evidence this spirit of inquiry. Some boys
were discussing the curved plane structure. One of them ventured the opinion
that birds' wings were concaved on the lower side. "But," retorted another,
"why are birds' wings hollowed?"

This was going back to first principles at one leap. It was not satisfying
enough to know that man was copying nature. It was more important to know
why nature originated that type of formation, because, it is obvious, that
if such structures are universal in the kingdom of flying creatures, there
must be some underlying principle which accounted for it.

It is not the aim of the book to teach the art of flying, but rather to show
how and why the present machines fly. The making and the using are separate
and independent functions, and of the two the more important is the
knowledge how to make a correct machine.

Hundreds of workmen may contribute to the building of a locomotive, but one
man, not a builder, knows better how to handle it. To manipulate a flying
machine is more difficult to navigate than such a ponderous machine, because
it requires peculiar talents, and the building is still more important and
complicated, and requires the exercise of a kind of skill not necessary in
the locomotive.

The art is still very young; so much is done which arises from speculation
and theories; too much dependence is placed on the aviator; the desire in
the present condition of the art is to exploit the man and not the machine;
dare-devil exhibitions seem to be more important than perfecting the
mechanism; and such useless attempts as flying upside down, looping the
loop, and characteristic displays of that kind, are of no value to the art.

THE AUTHOR.
J. S. Zerbe

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